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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

You probably already know that different varieties produce distinct flavors. Find out more about four of the most popular varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a kind of Liberica that is cultivated exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a fruitier and more tart flavor profile and are often used in blends of coffee to add depth.

Arabica

Arabica is the most sought-after strong coffee beans worldwide and accounts for 75% of all global coffee bean production. Arabica beans are milder and sweeter than Robusta, and come in different flavors. The aroma and taste of a cup of coffee can differ greatly based on the climatic conditions and the processing methods used to produce it.

The word "coffee" is derived from the Arabic word meaning the berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds that grow in bright red berries. It is believed ancient Ethiopian shepherds discovered that their goats were energized by eating these berries. The cultivation of coffee grew rapidly all over the world.

Coffee beans can be grown at higher altitudes, and are capable of thriving when exposed to cold temperatures and plenty of rain. This is one of the main reasons for why Arabica is regarded as the most delicious coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters focus on the ethical source of arabica beans, and focusing on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies blend arabica beans to create unique specialty coffees, which can be used in different brewing methods. Blending is a way to control the taste, aroma and body as well as acidity of coffee. It is often preferred to get an even and balanced taste that appeals a wide market.

Robusta

Robusta beans are the second most coveted kind of coffee bean in the world. They contain more caffeine per bean and are more resistant against diseases and pests. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids that are antioxidants found naturally. These acids can cause oxidation in the brewing process, and can result in undesirable flavors.

The plant is more resilient than the arabica and can thrive in less favorable conditions. It is tolerant of warmer temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It is faster growing and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, making it a cost-effective crop to cultivate.

Although it might appear counterintuitive it's true that Robusta beans are often mixed with arabica to create coffee blends. If you notice the names of countries like Uganda or Kenya on a coffee bag it's likely there's some Robusta in there as well.

Although some roasters exclusively use arabica beans, the majority use combine the two varieties in order to cut costs and maintain quality. To preserve the flavor integrity it is recommended to select an excellent bean from a reliable source. This can be done by purchasing the beans directly from a farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football-shaped, which makes them distinct from other varieties of coffee beans bristol beans. They are characterized by a smell that is fruity, floral and smokey. They are often paired with other coffee bean varieties to add a fuller, more robust flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as well as in Southeast Asia. They are resistant to hot, humid climates and are able to grow at low altitudes. They are also more resistant to disease than Arabica or Robusta.

These attributes make them ideal for home cultivation. Online, you can purchase the seeds from many sources. However, it is recommended to purchase the beans from local producers in order to ensure high-quality. The ideal conditions for the cultivation of Liberica coffee plants include fertile deep volcanic soils, with moderately acidic pH and sufficient annual rainfall.

Excelsa is another type of coffee bean. It was previously classified as a separate species, but has since been classified as a Liberica variant. These coffee beans are ovals that grow on large 20 to 30-foot coffee plants at medium altitudes. Their unique flavor is sweet and tart, making them a popular option for blends in the home. They have a lighter scent and a lower caffeine content than Arabica or Robusta however they have a unique depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Excelsa coffee beans wholesale suppliers beans aren't as well-known as Arabica and Robusta, yet they're the fourth most popular. They were actually considered distinct species of coffee until 2006, when they were reclassified to become a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. They are produced in Southeast Asia today and account for 7 percent of the world's production of coffee. These beans are distinctive with a teardrop shape and have an eerie, dark roast coffee beans taste. They are frequently utilized to give blends extra body and a rich, coffeebeans (more helpful hints) tart taste of ripened fruits.

Arabica beans are the most sought-after, and are well-known for their the most delicious taste. They thrive in tropical, warm climates and high altitudes. They also have a bit of acidity. If brewed and roasted correctly, they can have notes like chocolate, nuts or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most adored coffee in the world, and is responsible for 40% of all coffee consumed globally. Robusta beans are smaller and more round but they have twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica. They also taste bitterer than the other two varieties and have an earthy and woody taste.

After having learned about the four most popular types of brew, it's time to select the best brew. If you prefer an elegant and delicate taste opt for an arabica or a blend comprised of arabica beans and robusta beans.